(DOWNLOAD) "An Empirical Investigation of CEO Leadership in Two Types of Small Firms." by SAM Advanced Management Journal * Book PDF Kindle ePub Free
eBook details
- Title: An Empirical Investigation of CEO Leadership in Two Types of Small Firms.
- Author : SAM Advanced Management Journal
- Release Date : January 22, 2003
- Genre: Business & Personal Finance,Books,
- Pages : * pages
- Size : 262 KB
Description
Since the 1980s there has been a proliferation research on leadership in small organizations. While extensive, the literature is not free of controversy. Two limitations addressed in this study are particularly salient. First, there has been an overemphasis on charismatic/visionary leadership (e.g., Baum, Kirkpatrick, and Locke 1998), while other common leadership styles such as transactional, autocratic, and empowering leadership are frequently overlooked. Second, small business research has generally failed to ground itself in a macro framework (Man, Lau, and Chart, 2002). For the most part, researchers have paid inordinate attention to the psychological characteristics (e.g., tolerance for ambiguity, self-esteem, etc.) of small business CEOs as predictors of appropriate leadership styles to the detriment of contextual and structural factors. To address the first limitation, the present study adopted the Manz and Sims (1991) leadership typology. Based upon their review of the major schools of leadership, Manz and Sims describe four broad leadership archetypes: strongman, transactor, visionary hero, and SuperLeader. The strongman relies on authority and coercion to make subordinates perform the tasks. While often considered a relic of past managerial practice, many contemporary leaders still employ this authoritarian style. The transactor uses rewards and sanctions to motivate employees. This approach assumes that employees rationally evaluate the exchange of rewards and performance. The third type, visionary hero, uses inspiration and vision to motivate employees. Finally, the SuperLeader encourages subordinates to become self-leaders. SuperLeaders accomplish this by encouraging individuals to set their own goals, monitor their own behaviors and develop intrinsic rewards.
 "An Empirical Investigation of CEO Leadership in Two Types of Small Firms." by SAM Advanced Management Journal * Book PDF Kindle ePub Free){kind=link}
Post a Comment for "(DOWNLOAD) "An Empirical Investigation of CEO Leadership in Two Types of Small Firms." by SAM Advanced Management Journal * Book PDF Kindle ePub Free"